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Atomic Number-- The number of protons in an atomic nucleus.
Atomic Mass -- The mass of an atom, usually expressed in atomic mass units.
Isotopes -- One of two or more atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Oxidation state -- The combination of a substance with oxygen. A reaction in which the atoms in an element lose electrons and the valence of the element is correspondingly increased.
Neutron -- An electrically neutral subatomic particle in the baryon family, having a mass 1,839 times that of the electron, stable when bound in an atomic nucleus, and having a mean lifetime of approximately 1.0 ¥ 103 seconds as a free particle. It and the proton form nearly the entire mass of atomic nuclei. See table at subatomic particle.
Proton -- A stable, positively charged subatomic particle in the baryon family having a mass 1,836 times that of the electron. See table at subatomic particle.
Electrons -- A stable subatomic particle in the lepton family having a rest mass of 9.1066 ¥ 10-28 grams and a unit negative electric charge of approximately 1.602 ¥ 10-19 coulombs. See table at subatomic particle.
Synthesized -- To combine so as to form a new, complex product: "His works synthesize photography, painting and linguistic devices" (Paul Taylor). To form or produce by chemical synthesis.
Alpha Particle -- A positively charged particle, indistinguishable from a helium atom nucleus and consisting of two protons and two neutrons.
Uranium -- A heavy silvery-white metallic element, radioactive and toxic, easily oxidized, and having 14 known isotopes of which U 238 is the most abundant in nature. The element occurs in several minerals, including carnotite, from which it is extracted and processed for use in research, nuclear fuels, and nuclear weapons. Atomic number 92; atomic weight 238.03; melting point 1,132°C; boiling point 3,818°C; specific gravity 18.95; valence 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Isotopes -- One of two or more atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
Bismuth -- A white, crystalline, brittle, highly diamagnetic metallic element used in alloys to form sharp castings for objects sensitive to high temperatures and in various low-melting alloys for fire-safety devices. Atomic number 83; atomic weight 208.98; melting point 271.3°C; boiling point 1,560°C; specific gravity 9.747; valence 3, 5.
Distilled -- To separate or extract the essential elements of
Halogen -- Any of a group of five chemically related nonmetallic elements including fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
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