Boron

 

Boron is not boring, it is actually very fun. It keeps our house clean and our bones growing strong.

 

 

History
         Boron was discovered in 1808 but in fact had been used for thousands of years to make glass and other useful objects. Until the 1700s scientists still didn’t know practically anything about Boron. In 1799 when it was established that common “sedative salt” is actually a compound of Boron called boric acid. In 1808 two Frenchmen, Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac and Louis-Jaques Thenard, and an Englishman, Sir Humphry Davy managed to isolate Boron from boric acid. They learned as much as they could but Boron is like the newer more complex elements because it’s very confusing and hard to understand. No one knows why exactly but it is very hard to learn things about it that has to do with its atomic structure.

Common Uses
         One thing that Boron is commonly used in is glass. It is used when it is heating up so the melting point is significantly lower than if Boron wasn’t included. Boron is also used in clean detergent. In cleaning solutions Boron is in the compound boric acid. It is a very useful element because the things it is in are things that we typically use very often. Boron is also used when there is a forest fire they take Borax and spray it from airplanes over the fire and it makes the trees more resistant to catching on fire so it’s easier for firefighters to stop it. Because it coats the wood it is more resistant to future fires.

Where Its Found
         Boron is never found uncombined in nature. It occurs as othoboric acid that is usually found in some volcanic spring waters. Rasorite and tincal are both important sources of boron and are found in the Mojave Desert. Boron is also commonly found in Turkey. Pure Boron cost $250 for 100 grams in a bottle. That is not a lot even though it is not found in many places, but where it is found there is usually a lot of it.

Health Uses
Boron makes strong lightweight structures and our body uses it to make our bones. Without boron in our bones, they would be very heavy and not as strong. We rely on Boron but not many people know about it. I know that I didn’t know about it until we were assigned this project. I think people should know how important Boron is to our lives.

Common Uses
         The most common compound that scientists have found is boric acid (H3BO3) and boras (Na2B4O710H2O). Borax is also a very common compound Boron is in. Borax is made of Boron, sodium, hydrogen, and water. Borax is used in cleaning detergent and water softener. It reduces the melting point of object so glassmakers don’t have to make the temperature hotter so it melts easier.

Atomic Structure
         Boron’s atomic number is 5 so it has 5 protons and 5 electrons. Its atomic weight is 10.811 so Boron has 6 neutrons in its nucleus. Its oxidation number is +3 because it looses 3 electrons when it combines with another element.

Physical Appearance
         Boron is hard, brittle, lustrous black semimetal, shiny, extremely hard crystal. Pure Boron is almost as hard as a diamond. It is one of the hardest elements there are and is used for the creations of many structures that require a stable structure such as our bones and many buildings. It is also good for building buildings structures because it has a very high melting and boiling point so people won’t have to worry about it getting too hot. Its boiling point is 2550 C and its melting point is 2079 C. Boron is a semimetal

Table
Atomic Number 5  
Atomic Wieght 10.81  
Discovered 1808  
Atomic symbol B  
Boiling point 3727 C  

 

If you want to know more about a semimetal than click here to learn about !

 

Glossary
Rasorite

Kernite, also known as rasorite is a hydrated sodium borate hydroxide mineral with formula Na2B4O6(OH)2·3H2O. It is a colorless to white mineral. It is relatively soft. It is brittle. Kernite is used to produce borax which can be used in a variety of soaps. The mineral was discovered in 1926 in Kern County, California and later named for the county. Kern County was the only known source of kernite for many years but is now mined in Argentina, Spain, and Turkey

Tincal
It is in Borax which is a compound of Boron
Sedative Salt
If you smell it then it puts you to sleep or you turn very calm
oxidation number
When an element combindes with another element to get a nutral charge the oxidation number shows wheather or not the element looses or gains electrons and how many are transfered
semimetal
A semimetal has characteristics of a metal and that of a nonmetal

 

Bibliography
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